· The immediate legacy of war: There are serious ongoing problems with cluster bombs; Foreign troops continue to cause serious distress to the local population; Indirect deaths from hunger, cold and poverty have increased since the war, in addition to deaths caused by ongoing bombing and other violence;
· The human rights situation: Amnesty has produced a report on the situation while both Amnesty and Human Rights Watch continue to monitor Afghanistan; Particular problems include the history of human rights abuses which seems to dog prospective leaders of the country as well as the ongoing abuses of the country's warlords; In addition life for women does not seem to have improved;
· The role of drugs in Afghanistan: After the invasion of Afghanistan, production of opium poppies leapt from 30 to 285 square miles; 95 per cent of the heroin sold on London's streets is still of Afghan origin; Some efforts are being made to clamp down on production by the new administration but the contrast between below-subsistence returns on growing food and the lure of opium profits means that this will be difficult to enforce;
· The path towards a viable government: A Loya Jirga, or grand council, has been set up to produce a constitution for Afghanistan; It faces several problems, including ethnic division, claims of sexism in appointing delegates to positions of power, security threats and claims of undemocratic process; There are concerns about the viability of lasting stable government in Afghanistan and there are many powerful interests active in Afghanistan which will pose potential problems for any new government seeking to exert its authority.
· The human rights situation: Amnesty has produced a report on the situation while both Amnesty and Human Rights Watch continue to monitor Afghanistan; Particular problems include the history of human rights abuses which seems to dog prospective leaders of the country as well as the ongoing abuses of the country's warlords; In addition life for women does not seem to have improved;
· The role of drugs in Afghanistan: After the invasion of Afghanistan, production of opium poppies leapt from 30 to 285 square miles; 95 per cent of the heroin sold on London's streets is still of Afghan origin; Some efforts are being made to clamp down on production by the new administration but the contrast between below-subsistence returns on growing food and the lure of opium profits means that this will be difficult to enforce;
· The path towards a viable government: A Loya Jirga, or grand council, has been set up to produce a constitution for Afghanistan; It faces several problems, including ethnic division, claims of sexism in appointing delegates to positions of power, security threats and claims of undemocratic process; There are concerns about the viability of lasting stable government in Afghanistan and there are many powerful interests active in Afghanistan which will pose potential problems for any new government seeking to exert its authority.
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